Overview
The LM358 is a classic integrated circuit that contains two independent, high-gain, internally frequency-compensated operational amplifiers. What makes it a legend in the maker community is its ability to operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages (3V to 32V). Unlike older op-amps that required a complicated dual-rail positive and negative power supply, you can power the LM358 directly off your Arduino’s 5V pin, making analog prototyping an absolute breeze.
Key Features
Two-in-One Component: Packed with two completely independent op-amps in a single tiny 8-pin package.
Single Supply Optimization: Eliminates the need for split dual power supplies; runs perfectly on standard 5V or 12V rails.
Low Current Drain: Engineered for highly efficient power consumption, making it ideal for battery-operated gadgets.
Wide Differential Input: Input common-mode voltage range includes ground, allowing for direct sensing near 0V.
Beginner Friendly: Standard through-hole DIP-8 design fits effortlessly into any breadboard or DIY PCB layout.
Technical Specifications
| Feature | Specification |
| IC Package | DIP-8 (Through-Hole) |
| Number of Op-Amps | 2 Channels |
| Supply Voltage (Single Rail) | 3.0V to 32V DC |
| Supply Voltage (Dual Rail) | $\pm1.5\text{V}$ to $\pm16\text{V}$ DC |
| Large Signal Voltage Gain | 100 dB |
| Gain Bandwidth Product | 1 MHz |
| Input Offset Voltage | 2 mV (Typical) |
| Operating Current Draw | ~500 µA (Ultra-low) |
Common Applications
Sensor Signal Amplification: Boosting the weak voltages from electret microphones, photodiodes, and piezoelectric sensors.
Voltage Comparators: Creating simple threshold triggers (e.g., turning on a street light when a photoresistor gets dark).
Active Filters: Crafting high-pass, low-pass, and band-pass audio filters.
Current Shunt Monitors: Amplifying low-voltage drops across resistors to monitor system current.
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